Achilles Tang
Acanthurus achilles · Fish, Vertebrate, Cold-blooded, Wild
Animal Family
Acanthuridae, order Perciformes, class Actinopterygii
Animal Category
Marine Animal
Breed / Variety
Achilles Surgeonfish
Conservation Status
Least Concern with a stable population trend, though localized populations face pressures from the marine aquarium trade and coral reef degradation.
About This Creature
Deep-bodied, oval-shaped marine fish growing up to 9 inches long. Primarily black to dark brown body with a vibrant orange teardrop-shaped patch on the rear flank surrounding a white-bordered spine, and a bright orange and white band at the base of the tail.
Physical Characteristics
Laterally compressed body, small terminal mouth with specialized teeth for grazing algae, high dorsal and anal fins, prominent caudal spine (scalpel) near the tail for defense and territorial displays, velvety dark skin with contrasting neon orange and white markings.
Behavior & Temperament
Diurnal, active swimmers, highly territorial towards other tangs and similar algae-grazing fish, solitary or found in loose groups in the wild, communicates through color flashing and posture.
Habitat & Diet
Origin Region
Tropical waters of the Pacific Ocean, particularly around Hawaii, French Polynesia, and various other Pacific islands
Habitat
Coral Reef, Marine, Aquatic
Diet & Nutrition
Herbivore, feeds primarily on filamentous benthic algae and macroalgae scraped from coral reef substrates using comb-like teeth.
Lifespan & Health
Lifespan ranges from 5 to 10 years or more in the wild, potentially longer in expert-maintained marine aquariums. Susceptible to marine ich and lateral line erosion in captivity.
Special Characteristics
Features a sharp, folding scalpel-like spine on each side of the caudal peduncle that can inflict deep cuts if handled; known for its striking, high-contrast coloration.
Ecological Information
Acts as an important herbivore on coral reefs, preventing macroalgae from overgrowing and suffocating corals, thereby maintaining healthy reef ecosystems.