American Alligator
Alligator mississippiensis · Reptile, Vertebrate, Cold-blooded, Wild
Animal Family
Alligatoridae, order Crocodilia, class Reptilia
Animal Category
Reptile/Amphibian, Wild Predator
Breed / Variety
American alligator (nominate species)
Conservation Status
Least Concern, with a stable population trend thanks to successful conservation and management programs after recovering from near-extinction.
About This Creature
Large semi-aquatic reptile with a robust body, long muscular tail, and armored skin. Adults typically range from 8 to 15 feet in length and weigh between 400 and 1,000 pounds. Dark olive, brown, or nearly black coloration with lighter yellowish underbellies.
Physical Characteristics
Broad snout, powerful jaws lined with conical teeth, nostrils and eyes positioned on top of the head to allow breathing and viewing while submerged, heavily armored with bony plates called osteoderms, strong clawed feet and a laterally flattened tail for swimming.
Behavior & Temperament
Solitary apex predators, most active at night (nocturnal) or during crepuscular hours. They communicate through loud roars, hisses, and body slaps. Females build vegetation nests and provide maternal care to hatchlings.
Habitat & Diet
Origin Region
Southeastern United States, thriving in subtropical and tropical climates
Habitat
Wetland/Marsh, Freshwater (River/Lake), Semi-aquatic
Diet & Nutrition
Carnivore feeding on fish, turtles, snakes, birds, and small to medium-sized mammals. Uses ambush hunting techniques near the water's edge.
Lifespan & Health
Lifespan of 50 years or more in the wild. Few natural predators as adults, though hatchlings are preyed upon by wading birds, raccoons, and other predators.
Special Characteristics
Possesses incredible bite force, excellent night vision, and the ability to go underwater for long periods by slowing its heart rate.
Ecological Information
Keystone species in wetland ecosystems. They create 'gator holes' that retain water during dry spells, providing vital habitat for numerous other aquatic species.